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RIMS TechRisk/RiskTech: Using Cyberrisk Analytics to Improve Your Cyber Insurance Program

As ransomware continues to spread and payment costs increase, cyber insurance rates have gone up exponentially. As a result, it is more important than ever for companies to understand their cyber vulnerabilities and exposures so they can ensure they are properly covered. One way to do this is through analytics.

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In a presentation at the RIMS TechRisk/RiskTech virtual event, Scott Stransky, managing director and head of the Cyber Risk Analytics Center at Marsh McLennan, outlined some of the key data that can help companies get a full view of their risk.

According to Stransky, there are five categories of data that are most important to determining your risk profile. Much of this data is in publicly available datasets that insurers already consult, so it is important that you have a handle on this information as well so you know how underwriters and other outsiders are viewing you:

  1. Firmographics: company demographics like revenue, employee count, industry, location, and company hierarchy
  2. Historical incidents: past breaches and insurance claims
  3. Technographics: a company’s external cybersecurity posture including the presence of firewalls, open ports, frequency of system patching, as well as internal cybersecurity practices like password management and data encryption
  4. Scoring: combines firmographics, historical incidents and technographics into a single number that designates the level of vulnerability
  5. Loss modeling: brings all elements together to predict the likelihood and cost of an event

Armed with this data, companies can take steps to make it easier to access optimal cyber insurance coverage and better insurance pricing. These could include improving your security and claims posture by addressing potential cybersecurity gaps, updating incident response plans, and identifying vendor partners to help improve security posture or respond to incidents. Companies can also explore policy structure options in terms of different program components (limits, attachment, coverage, risk retention, etc.

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) and consider alternative terms and conditions.
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Finally, it is important to provide robust underwriting data by using assessment tools to minimize the need for supplemental applications, preparing for additional questions from underwriters, and highlighting significant cybersecurity updates and improvements over the past year.

In particular, companies should focus on what Stansky called the top 12 cybersecurity controls for risk mitigation, resilience and insurability:

  1. Multifactor authentication (MFA)
  2. Endpoint detection and response
  3. Secured, encrypted and tested backups
  4. Privileged access management
  5. Email filtering and web security
  6. Patch and vulnerability management
  7. Cyber incident response planning and testing
  8. Cybersecurity awareness training
  9. Hardening techniques, including remote desktop protocol mitigation
  10. Logging and monitoring/network protection
  11. End-of-life system replacement
  12. Vendor/digital supply chain risk management

For those that missed RIMS TechRisk/RiskTech, you can register and access the virtual event here. Sessions will be available on-demand for the next 60 days.

Most Organizations Deny Prevalence of Fraud

At a loss of more than $6 billion annually, experts have found fraud occurs in most organizations, but 80% of respondents to a recent survey by ACL believe their organization has “medium to no” exposure.

The 2017 Fraud Survey of more than 500 professionals in the United States and Canada found that “alternative facts” extend to the mentality among many businesses.

“As the phenomena of ‘fake news’ and ‘alternative facts’ permeate the U.

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S. landscape, it is interesting to see how disconnected many executives are from the true prevalence of fraud and corruption in their organizations,” said Dan Zitting, chief product officer at ACL, a risk management software provider. He added that companies increasingly discover they have had “numerous instances of potential fraud” that need to be investigated.

Almost two-thirds of respondents (63%) also said that most instances of fraud committed in their organizations are not detected, and more than 75% said that at least some of the fraud that is detected goes unreported.

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Respondents noted that a company’s fraud experts can feel pressure from senior leaders, direct managers and even peers to suppress or alter their fraud findings. While the existence of internal pressure is no surprise to most, the survey confirmed that pressure from all sides makes fraud harder to overcome.

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“As long as companies refuse to admit that fraud exists, the fraud will continue,” Zitting said. “As unscrupulous employees and vendors realize the company’s ignorance, the problem has great potential to grow.”

According to ACL:
2017 Fraud Survey Results

Smaller Companies More Vulnerable to Employee Theft

It stands to reason that larger organizations would be more at risk of embezzlement by employees, but the reverse has been shown to be the case.

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Organizations with fewer than 150 employees are particularly at risk, accounting for 82% of all embezzlement cases, HiscoxHiscox2 found in its new report, Embezzlement Study: A report on White Collar Crime in America. Smaller organizations with tight-knit workforces are particularly vulnerable because of the trust and empowerment given to employees.

Incorporating employee theft cases active in the U.S. federal court system in 2015, the study found that 69% represented companies with less than 500 employees. Perpetrators are often “regular people who are smart, well-liked, and those you’d least expect to steal,” according to Hiscox.

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 How does a trusted employee become a criminal?

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Motivations can range from financial pressure to a belief that they are underpaid by the company.

Employees with more tenure, access and control over finances are found to take the largest amounts. While the type of fraud can vary by industry, what is consistent is access to funds. In fact, managers were found more likely to steal than other employees.

Hiscox3

For the second year in a row, the greatest number of cases, 17%, was in the financial services industry and second was nonprofits at 16%. Labor unions ranked third, followed by real estate/construction. The largest scheme was a $7 million loss in Texas; followed by ones in Connecticut at $9 million, Ohio at $8.7 million and Utah at $4 million.

Hiscox4

Schemes include taking cash or bank deposits, forging checks, fraudulent credit card use, fake invoices and false billing of vendors and payroll fraud.

Companies can protect themselves in a number of ways, including putting checks and balances in place, performing background checks on employees who handle money and teaching employees how to detect fraud, according to Hiscox.

Hiscox5

The study findings also include:

Hiscox

Small Businesses Hit Hardest By Employee Theft

The typical organization loses 5% of revenue each year to fraud – a potential projected global fraud loss of $3.7 trillion annually, according to the ACFE 2014 Report to the Nations on Occupational Fraud and Abuse.

In its new Embezzlement Watchlist, Hiscox examines employee theft cases that were active in United States federal courts in 2014, with a specific focus on businesses with fewer than 500 employees to get a better sense of the range of employee theft risks these businesses face. While sizes and types of thefts vary across industries, smaller organizations saw higher incidences of embezzlement overall.

According to the report, “When we looked at the totality of federal actions involving employee theft over the calendar year, nearly 72% involved organizations with fewer than 500 employees. Within that data set, we found that four of every five victim organizations had fewer than 100 employees; more than half had fewer than 25 employees.”

Overall, they found:

Hiscox Embezzlement Watchlist

It is particularly interesting to note that women orchestrate the majority of these thefts (61%) – a rarity in many kinds of crime. Yet the wage gap extends even to ill-gotten gains, Hiscox found: While they were responsible for more of these actions, women made nearly 30% less from these schemes than men.

Drilling down into specific industries, Hiscox found that financial services companies were at the greatest risk, with over 21% of employee thefts – the largest industry segment – targeting an organization in this field, including banks, credit unions and insurance companies. Other organizations frequently struck by employee theft include non-profits (11%), municipalities (10%) and labor unions (9%). Groups in the financial services, real estate and construction, and non-profit sectors had the greatest total number of cases in the Hiscox study, while retail entities and the healthcare industry suffered the largest median losses.

For more of the report’s insight on specific industries, check out the infographic below:

Hiscox Embezzlement Watchlist Targeted Industries